Parenting Patterns with Sibling Rivalry Incidents in Preschooler: A Systematic Review

are more proactive in seeking information about parenting styles and sibling rivalry. Conclusion: The majority of parenting styles adopted by parents are democratic parenting so that parents become more pro-active in seeking information about the best parenting styles and the incidence of sibling rivalry.


Introduction
Based on law No.2 of 1989 article 10 paragraph 4 concerning the National Education System states that the function plays a role in achieving educational goals in the form of religious beliefs, morals, culture, intelligence, skills and a major part of children's success (Kurnia and Suprapti, 2018). The initial foundation of preschool children is in the form of a family where the family is the first environment that provides the initial foundation towards real life. Preschool age in the developmental stage is known as the early childhood development phase, which starts when the child has gone through a period of dependence with parents (starting to be independent) until the child enters elementary school age (Gunarsa, 2008).
Parenting style is a comprehensive unity between parent-child interactions. Where parents encourage children by changing behavior, knowledge and values that are considered appropriate for parents. An effort for children to be more independent, grow and develop healthily and optimally and have self-confidence, are curious, friendly, and oriented to success (Tridonanto, 2014). Of course it is inseparable from the role of parents who can create comfortable and harmonious conditions and environments because children's behavior is a reflection of parental care, all behavior obtained from the learning process and from the environment, either directly or indirectly (Ardy, 2016).
According to WHO (World Health Organization) the incidence of sibling rivalry in parenting, the known data from the research results of 52 respondents: democratic parenting (32.7%), authoritarian (3.8%), permissive (46.2%), abandonment. (17.3%), there was Sibling Rivalry (65.4%) and there was no Sibling Rivalry (34.6%). From the data obtained from the Indonesian National Commission for Child Protection (KPAI), it is stated that the behavior of parents who are still comparing one child with another in 2017 is 37.4% committed by fathers, 43.4% by fathers. mother, and 84.8% of sibling rivalry in the family (Sundari, 2018).
Based on the results of research conducted by Tiya Nun Insan in 2019 which was conducted in Semanding Village RW 01 Gombong Kebumen, it was found that 62% of sibling rivalry occurred in children aged 3-6 years. Sri Dinengsih in 2017 conducted a research at TK Aisyiah Bantul Yogyakarta, it was found that parents who applied 80% Nessy Anggun Primasari, Siti Riskika, Niswa Salamung, Melinda Restu Pertiwi: Parenting Patterns with Sibling Rivalry Incidents in Preschooler….
democratic parenting and 20% authoritarian parenting. the incidence of sibling rivalry in children with authoritarian parenting was 87.5% (Insan and Setyorini, 2019).
Sibling rivalry occurs because they feel they lose love and attention from their parents, and think that their siblings are rivals in getting love from their parents. As well as the attitude of parents who like to compare children, sibling rivalry can also occur when the distance is too close, namely two to four years, because that distance children both get the same attention (Nurmaningtyas, 2013).
In theory, sibling rivalry is something that often happens in families, but sibling rivalry must get attention from parents because improper handling can cause ongoing problems throughout the child's life if fights that have been fostered since childhood will continue to taper as a child. growing up, children will continue to compete and envy each other (Nopijar, 2012).
The role of parents must be able to give freedom to children in responding to sibling rivalry (Nurmaningtyas, 2013). So that the child can solve the problem. Every child needs to be given praise or an appreciation for the ideas given and respected for

Result
A total of 2508 journals were found, the search results came from 3 databases, namely: 874, Science Direct, 852 Poquest and 782 Google Cendikia. 10 articles were selected with the design used including 4 articles using quantitative, 3 articles using observational analytic with cross sectional approach, 3 articles using quasi experiment.
These journals met the inclusion criteria included in this systematic review. Details of the identification and selection process for the journal can be seen in Figure 1.

Discussion
The results of the analysis in this systematic review show that modern parents, who have a level of knowledge that continues to develop, are more proactive in finding information about parenting styles and sibling rivalry (Fisher et al., 2018). The higher the education level of the mother tends to have better parenting patterns than parents with secondary or basic education. This is in accordance with the theory that someone who has a higher level of education will more easily receive information so that someone's level of knowledge will be better (Notoatmodjo, 2012).
Highly knowledgeable parents will have democratic parenting for their children, this is because high knowledge is influenced by several factors, one of which is parental for not fulfilling criteria education because the education and experience of parents in child care will affect their readiness in the role of parenting (Tridonanto, 2014). When parents get information according to their needs, it is hoped that they will be able to provide appropriate care according to the needs of their respective families. The established parenting style can make an important contribution to preventing mental health problems of children, improving children's health and well-being, and the child can achieve good academic results (Hutchings, Owen and Williams, 2018).
Pew Research Center reported that 75% of parents use social media as a source of social support. Parents see social media as a useful place to receive useful information in general, and 59% report receiving valuable information about parenting through social media (Russell et al., 2016). Parents are the first to bring change to their children.
They provide the best for their children. Knowledge about parenting, health, child development, talents, and interests, to educate their children, gather information through communities, seminar activities and so on (Ardy, 2016).
Sibling rivalry is jealousy towards siblings. This attitude arises because of the presence or the birth of a new relative in the family, but it is more of a change in the situation when the child is separated from his mother (Insan and Setyorini, 2019).
Therefore, parents must explain to their children easily and can be understood by children so that children are not jealous of their younger siblings. The attitude of parents who differentiate between children also often creates sibling rivalry (Fisher et al., 2018).

Conclusion
The majority of parenting styles adopted by parents are democratic parenting.
Parents are becoming more pro-active in seeking information about the best parenting styles and the incidence of sibling rivalry. Working parents have less time to interact with children. The higher the education level of the parents, the easier it will be to receive information and a better level of knowledge about proper parenting. The more rapid the development of the eating age, the easier it will be to find sources of information about parenting and sibling rivalry, either through social media or otherwise. Proper care and how to prevent and overcome sibling rivalry incidents between siblings, because it can have an unfavorable effect on brotherly relationships.
So the need for the role of health workers in providing counseling to parents about proper parenting for children and understanding and how to prevent sibling rivalry.