Dinamika Penyelesaian Sengketa Kontrak dalam Sistem Hukum Perdata Indonesia

Authors

Maulidya Sania

Keywords:

Contract Dispute, Indonesian Civil Law, Litigation, Non-Litigation, Private International Law

Abstract

Contract is a fundamental instrument in every economic and social activity, both domestically and internationally. The complexity of contractual relationships that cross national borders creates the potential for disputes that require effective, efficient, and fair resolution mechanisms. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of dispute resolution in Indonesian civil law through litigation (court) and non-litigation (Alternative Dispute Resolution/ADR), as well as to examine the relevance of International Private Law (HPI) in determining the applicable law (choice of law) and competent forum (jurisdiction) in contracts involving foreign elements. The method applied in this research is normative legal research with conceptual, regulatory, and case analysis approaches. The results show that the choice of dispute resolution path is greatly influenced by the characteristics of the dispute, the relationship between the parties, and considerations of efficiency, cost, and confidentiality. Moreover, the application of International Private Law in international contract disputes in Indonesia still faces challenges regarding the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments, as well as the interpretation of the principle of public order.

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